Book Two, chapter 10

1Chapter 10: On stones

2Among these: Saturn. To it belong, of the stones, iron, diamond, antimony (ithmid), onyx (jaz'), pure black jet (sabaj), turquoise, the magnet-stone (maghnīṭis) and magnesia (maghnīsiyā); and it has a share in gold, red ruby (yāqūt), golden marcasite (marqashīthā) and shādhanaj. Jupiter: to it belong, of the stones, al-ānuk and white and yellow ruby (yāqūt); and it has a share in carnelian ('aqīq), gold, zabarjad, mahā and rock crystal (billawr); and to it belongs every glittering stone white in colour.

3Mars: to it belong, of the stones, red copper, the sannūrī stone, and sulphur in its kinds; and it has a share in marcasite, bloodstone (ḥajar al-dam), the magnet-stone, glass, carnelian and onyx; and to it belongs every red stone in which there is a darkness. The Sun: to it belong, of the stones, gold, orpiment (zarnīkh), the bajādhī stone, diamond, Pharaonic glass, red shell (maḥār) and every glittering stone; and it has a share in shādhanaj, emery (sunbādhaj) and red ruby (yāqūt).

4Venus: to it belong, of the stones, red copper, lapis lazuli (lāzaward), pearl, shell (maḥār), malachite (dahnaj) and coral; and it has a share in silver, mahā, glass and magnesia. Mercury: to it belong, of the stones, īdrāmūs [word uncertain], isbādhanaj, emerald and quicksilver (zi'baq); and it has a share in zabarjad, tin (qaṣdīr), glass and marble.

5"The Moon": to it belong, of the stones, silver, silvery marcasite and small pearls; and it has a share in rock crystal, lapis lazuli, onyx and mahā.

6As for the signs proper to them, which the people of talismans made the marks of the planets, they are these: Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury, the Moon.

7And since we have mentioned that, I now begin on the images of the planets, according to what we have transmitted from "The Book of the Uses of Stones" by 'Uṭārid the Scribe, from "The Book of Ablūs the Sage", and from "The Book of the Interpretation of Spiritual Talismans" in the translation of Buqrāṭīs. The first of that:

8The Sun

9In "The Book of Ablūs the Sage": the image of a woman standing on a chariot drawn by four horses. In her right hand is a mirror, and in the left, against her breast, a whip, and on her head are her rays. We have already mentioned her image.

10And from "The Book of the Uses of Stones" by 'Uṭārid: that it is the image of a standing man, as though he were greeting whoever is facing him. In his left hand is a shield, and under his feet is the image of a dragon.

11And from "The Book of the Interpretation of Spiritual Talismans" by Qarīṭūn, translation of Buqrāṭīs: that it is the image of a king seated on a throne. Above his head is a crown, before him is the image of a raven, and under his feet a dragon.

12And I found in others than them that the greater luminary in the sphere is in the image of a crowned man standing on a chariot drawn by four horses. In his right hand is a mirror and in the left a shield, and his clothing is all yellow. Each of these images has effects and actions in talismans, which we shall explain to you later, to the extent that is required of them. So know that.

13Venus

14"Ablūs the Sage" mentioned that it is the image of a standing woman with an apple in her right hand. And in "The Book of the Interpretation of Spiritual Talismans": that it is the image of a standing woman with an apple in her right hand, and in the left a comb resembling a tablet, on which are signs.

15And from "The Book of the Uses of Stones" by 'Uṭārid: that it is an image with the body of a human being, whose face is the face of a bird and whose feet are the feet of an eagle. He also claimed that it is the image of a naked woman with a child behind her and Mars before her, and on his neck a chain. And from others than these: that it is the image of a woman with loosened hair, riding on a stag, with an apple in her right hand and in the left a muṭayyab [word uncertain: something perfumed]; her clothing is dyed and white.

16The Scribe

17Ablūs the sage mentioned that it is the image of a young man who has a beard, and in his right hand is a rod, and in its inner part [pronoun ambiguous: his, or the hand's] a female cat.

18And in the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans: that it is the image of a man on whose head is a cock, seated on a chair, and his feet are the feet of an eagle, and on his left palm is a falcon, and beneath his feet are marks, and I shall mention them.

19And from the Book of the Benefits of Stones, by Mercury: that it is the image of a standing man, and on his right side are two upright wings, and on his left side a small cock, and in his right hand a rod, and in his left an earthenware jar, round, and in the middle of his head a comb like the comb of a cock, and on his two feet two combs like the comb of a cock.

20And I found in others than them that Mercury in his sphere is the image of a man on whose head is a crown, riding a peacock, and in his right hand a rod and in the left a sheet; his clothing, all of it, of mixed colour.

21The Moon

22From the Book of the Benefits of Stones, by Mercury: that the Moon is like the likeness of a woman, her face beautiful, girded with a dragon, and on her head two snakes, and she has horns; braceleted with two snakes, around each wrist a snake; above her head and below her head two dragons, each one of them having seven heads.

23And Ablūs the sage mentioned that the Moon is the image of a woman standing on two bulls, the head of one of them towards the tail of the other.

24And from the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans: the lesser luminary is the image of a man on whose head is a bird, leaning on a staff, and before him a tree.

25And from another than it: that the Moon in its sphere is the image of a crowned youth standing on a chariot which four bulls draw; in his right hand a crooked staff and in the left a mirror; his clothing, all of it, white and green.

26Saturn

27From the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans: that it is the image of a man whose face is the face of a crow and whose feet are the feet of a camel, seated on a chair, and in his right hand a staff and in his left palm a spear.

28And from the Book of Ablūs the Philosopher: that it is the image of a man standing on a pulpit.

29And from the Book of the Benefits of Stones, by Mercury: that his image is the image of a standing man, raising his hands above his head, holding with them a fish, and beneath his feet the likeness of a lizard.

30And I found in others than them that Saturn in his sphere is the image of a man standing on a serpent; in his right hand a sickle and in the left a staff, and his clothing, all of it, dust-coloured and black.

31Jupiter

32Ablūs the sage mentioned that it is the image of a man on whom are garments, wrapped in them, sitting on an eagle, and his feet are on the shoulders of the eagle, and in his right hand the remainder of the scroll.

33And from the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans: that it is the image of a man whose face is the face of a lion and whose legs are the legs of a bird; beneath his feet is a dragon that has heads, and in his right hand is a javelin with which he pierces the head of the dragon. And from the Book of the Benefits of Stones: that it is the image of a man wearing a cloak, riding on a vulture, and in his hand a spear or a rod. And I found in others that Jupiter in his sphere is the image of a man riding on an eagle; in his right hand is a scroll and in his left hand a nut; his clothing, all of it, is yellow and green.

34Mars

35Ablūs the Sage mentioned that it is the image of a man wearing a helmet and a coat of mail having two legs and two forearms, girded with a sword. And from the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans: that it is the image of a man on whose head is a crown, and in his palm a sword on which are figures.

36And from the Book of the Benefits of Stones of Mercury: that it is the image of a man standing naked, and on his right the statue of a virgin woman, and she is Venus, standing, her hair plaited back behind her; and Mars is placing his hand on her neck and his left [hand] on her breast, and he is looking into her face. And he claimed that this image has many effects, which he mentioned in his book.

37And I found in others that Mars in his sphere is the image of a man riding on a lion; in his right hand is a sword and in his left hand the head of a man; his clothing is iron and firind.

38So these are their images according to what those people mentioned. And according to them these images have effects particular to them; I shall transmit to you the wording of some of what they mentioned.

39The images on stones

40Among the engravings of the images of the Sun: that whoever draws for the greater luminary, on a ring-stone of red ruby, pure in its redness, the image of a king seated on a throne, above his head a crown and before him the image of a raven, and beneath his feet these letters: [characters], the holder of this ring-stone conquers and overcomes all kings. This occurs in the Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans, in the translation of Buqrāṭīs; and he claimed that the Sun is [to be] in its exaltation.

41And among its figures is what Aristotle mentioned for Alexander: that whoever engraves on a stone of ruby the image of a lion on which is this figure [figure: △], the ascendant being Leo with the Sun in it and the malefics absent from it, no one overcomes him, his affairs become easy for him, he succeeds in everything he attempts, and he does not see frightening dreams in his sleep.

42And among its figures: that whoever engraves on a diamond stone the image of a woman seated on a chariot drawn by four horses, in her right hand a mirror and in the left a whip, and on her head seven candles, and on the underside of the ring-stone a pool, and that at its exaltation: this figure on this stone produces for its holder awe in the eyes of everyone who meets him or faces him.

43And among its figures: whoever engraves on the stone shādhana this figure for the Sun, and that in the first face of Leo, then the assault of the epilepsy that seizes him at the new appearance of the lesser luminary departs from its holder; and it is this figure: [figure].

44And among its engravings is what Hermes mentioned in the Book of al-Hādīṭūs; that is, he said: whoever engraves on a stone called samālīnūn, and it is a yellow stone in which are black dots and green eyes, and it has lightness, and its colour is shining, whoever draws on it the image of a fly in the hour of the Sun and its ascendant, fire does not harm its holder, even if he enters it. And he claimed that this stone is found in the land of Persia.

45And among its engravings for driving away snakes: whoever engraves on a bezel of stone the image of a snake in the hour of the Sun, it being in seven degrees of Aquarius, and Saturn in seven degrees of Aries, and the Moon in seven degrees of Scorpio, and Jupiter in two degrees of Sagittarius, and the Tail in ten degrees of Sagittarius, and on its back these figures: [figures], and around it these figures: [figures]; and [whoever] sets this stone in a ring of gold and wears it, then there remains in the place where he is no ḥinfish, nor serpent, nor viper.

46And among its engravings for driving away beetles: you draw on a bezel of carnelian the image of a beetle in the hour of the Sun, it being in its exaltation, and Saturn in seventeen degrees of Aquarius, and Mercury in twenty-eight degrees of Gemini, and the Moon in two degrees of Cancer, and Mars in the last degree of Libra; and draw on it these letters: [letters]; and set it on a ring of gold, and no beetle appears in a place where it is, nor does its bearer see one.

47Venus

48There is engraved for Venus on a bezel of red yāqūt the image of a woman, in her right hand an apple and in her left hand a comb resembling a tablet, on which are these figures: ٨٥١٥٨٥; and the image is to be the body of a human, its face the face of a bird and its two legs the legs of an eagle. This image makes its holder beloved to all people; and the drawing of this image is in its hour and its exaltation.

49And among its figures: that there be engraved on a bezel of white yāqūt the image of a woman, in her right hand an apple and in the left a comb, in the first face of Libra. The holder of this bezel does not cease to be glad and laughing as long as he holds it.

50And among its works: that there be engraved in its hour on a stone of lapis lazuli the image of a naked girl, and near her the image of a man on whose neck is a chain, and behind her a small boy carrying a sword. Women are subjugated to the holder of this bezel and incline towards him.

51And for it there is engraved on a stone of lapis lazuli also the image of a standing woman, in her right hand an apple, and on the underside of the stone a ewe. Under the hand of the holder of this bezel ewes increase, if he occupies himself with them; and it [Venus] is in its exaltation and its hour.

52And for it, from the Book of Qrīṭūn on Talismans: there is engraved on a bezel of crystal the image of a snake with a scorpion above it, on the morning of a Monday, in her hour and her exaltation. The holder of this stone: no snake stings him, and he is cured of its sting if he puts it in a liquid and swallows it.

53And for her there is engraved on a crystal stone this figure, in her hour: [figures]. The holder of this stone is beloved of boys, near to their hearts, and they cannot bear to be without him when they have kept company with him. And of what is engraved for her: on a crystal stone the image of a woman standing, her hair in two braids [falling] behind her, and in her lap two boys who have wings; and that in her hour and her exaltation. The holder of this stone: his journeys are made easy for him, whether far or near, and he sees nothing hateful in them.

54And for her there are engraved on a stone of crystal (billawr), in her hour, three images together. Its holder is given blessing and good fortune in trade beyond what he would like. And for her there is engraved on coral the image of two cats and the image of a mouse between them; and that in her hour and her ascendant, she being in it. This image is particular to driving mice out of the place, [so that] they are not in it.

55And for her there is engraved, in her hour, on a carnelian stone the image of a fly upside down. The holder of this stone: a fly does not come near a place in which he is; and the ascendant [is] hers. And for her there is engraved on a malachite stone, on its face, the image of a leech, and on the underside of the stone the image of two leeches, the head of the one to the tail of the other. This image removes leeches from a place in which it is. One impresses for her with it [sense uncertain], the hour and the ascendant being hers, and likewise at the engraving of the stone. So know that.

56And for her there is engraved on a crystal stone, in her hour and her ascendant, the image of a woman [word uncertain: muḥaẓ'abba], and before her the likeness of an idol. This talisman is used also for love, and it is well known. And for her there is engraved on a carnelian stone the image of a woman, in one of her hands a rolled-up garment, and on her body lines resembling down, and in her other hand the likeness of an apple. It is impressed in wax for the illnesses of children and everything that befalls them; and that in her hour and her ascendant.

57And for her there is engraved on a carnelian stone the likeness of the head of a wild ass, on it the head of a fly, and on the head the likeness of a slight excrescence; and that in her hour and her ascendant. This stone is impressed in wax for the mughall [word uncertain], and it has been tried; taken from the temples (barābī).

58Mercury

59From the 'Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans', translation of Buqrāṭīs: there is engraved on a stone of green chrysolite the image of a man on whose head is a cock, and he is seated on a throne, and his feet are the feet of an eagle, and on his left palm a falcon, and beneath his feet these figures: [figures]; and that in his hour and his exaltation. The work of this talisman is the release of prisoners and what is of this kind.

60And for him there is engraved on an emerald stone this figure, in his hour and his ascendant, for its holder has the scribes, the accountants and the officials made subject to him. And the figure is this: [figures].

61And for it: there is engraved on a stone known as the mānṭis stone the image of a man sitting on a muqarnas chair, in his right hand a pen and in the other a scroll that he is writing; and that at its hour and its exaltation. For the holder of this bezel, if he is one whose profession is writing, when he places his hope in a ruler, [the ruler] employs him, entrusts him with his affairs and loves him in every state of affairs.

62And from the "Book of Talismans" of Qarīṭūn: there is engraved on an emerald the image of a frog at its hour and its ascendant. For no one harms the holder of this bezel, nor is an evil word spoken about him; rather he is described with good in all his states. And from it: there is engraved the image of a mouse or a jerboa on its day, its hour and its ascendant on a bezel of emerald; and the keeper of this bezel is not robbed, and he profits in his trade.

63And from the same book: you engrave on a bezel of emerald the image of a lion and the head of a lion, and write beneath it an alif and above it a dāl, at its hour and its ascendant. The wearer of this bezel is beloved, his affair held in awe among all the people, and he is safe from the banes of kings. And from other than the book, and for it: there is engraved on a bezel of green zabarjad the image of a scorpion at its hour and its ascendant. This bezel: if a pregnant woman wears it, her child is safe from all infirmities.

64And for it: there is engraved on a stone of glass, at its hour and its ascendant, the palm of a man holding a balance; and this bezel is impressed for all the fevers of every kind, and it cures them. It has been tested, and its benefit was found.

65The Moon

66If there is engraved on the bezoar stone the image of a scorpion, with the Moon in Scorpio and the hour his, and Scorpio in one of the angles of the ascendant, and it is set in a ring of gold, and impressed with it on chewed frankincense while the Moon is in Scorpio, and that frankincense is given to drink to one whom a scorpion has stung, he recovers at once. And this is tested, and we have mentioned it before.

68And for it, from the "Book of the Interpretation of the Spiritual Talismans", translation of Buqrāṭīs: if there is engraved on a bezel of mahā the image of a man whose head is the head of a bird, leaning on a staff, and before him something in the shape of a camomile plant, and that at its hour, its ascendant and its exaltation, it helps its wearer in walking, and he does not tire as long as it is with him, if he travels a long distance.

69And from other than that book: if there is engraved on a stone of crystal the image of a woman, and she has in her hair a standing lock, and two bulls beneath her, and she has set her foot on the head of the one and the other on the head of the second; and on the inner side of the bezel the image of a woman standing, on her head something like a crown, and in her right hand a whip; and there are engraved with it these figures: [characters]. The property of this stone is that one impresses with it in wax and it is placed in a spot that pigeons frequent; for they multiply in it until their number is not known. And the engraving is at its hour and its ascendant, as was mentioned before.

70And of it: you engrave on a ring-stone of carnelian the image of a fly, in its hour, when it [pronoun ambiguous: the planet of this section] is in twenty-one degrees of Libra, and Jupiter in two degrees of Sagittarius, and Saturn in the first degree of Capricorn. And draw on the body of the fly [these characters], and around it [these characters], and set it in a ring in the hour and the ascendant, and so too is its engraving to be [done]; and put under the ring-stone a piece of snake's skin. For the house or the place in which this ring-stone is, no fly enters it in any way whatsoever.

71And of it: if there is engraved on a stone of lapis lazuli the image of a lion whose face is the face of a son of Adam, and on its back ☾, in its hour and its ascendant, the effect of this ring-stone is benefit for children in particular against what befalls them.

72And of it: there is engraved on a bezoar stone, in its hour and with the first face of Cancer, this figure: [figure]. It is specific for driving away scorpions in particular.

73And of it: the stone whose colour is the colour of ambergris, which some people call al-'anbarī; it is at the utmost opposition to the nature of bugs. If there is drawn on it, in the hour and the ascendant, the image of a bug, and around it [figure], bugs do not appear in a place in which it is, nor in what is stamped with it in the hour of the drawing and its ascendant.

74And of it: there is engraved on a bezoar stone or a stone of green malachite the image of a snake, and on its head ☾, and that in its hour and its ascendant. For this stone is specific for driving away vipers and snakes, and the image and the correspondence strengthen it.

75And of it: this drawing is engraved on a stone of emerald, and with it one stamps frankincense, and you swallow what is chewed of it; for it produces memory and intelligence and takes away forgetfulness. And that in its hour and its ascendant. [drawing]

76Saturn

77When there is engraved on a bezoar stone, the hour being his and he being in the ascendant at twenty-one degrees of Libra, the image of a man with an ample forehead, a long face, frowning, riding a plough, and before him two oxen, and he is hoping for mercy, and on his neck a necklace in which are the head of a man and the head of a fox:

78this image has a strong effect in the preservation of farmlands, cattle, crops and plantings, and in giving strength over them; and likewise in wells and the courses of rivers, and the firmness of buildings, and resistance to those who begin with enmity, and the folding away of rancours, and the driving away of cares; and it keeps the fear of people away from its wearer.

79And of it: there is engraved on a stone of the stones of diamond, in its hour and its ascendant, this drawing [drawing], and with it one stamps pitch, to cast enmity and mutual aversion between people who love one another; and it is deposited in their place. And the first stamp is to be kept safe, and its maker is not to hold it nor go near it except at the time of stamping with it.

80And of it: there is engraved on a stone of turquoise, in its hour and its ascendant, the image of a man standing on a seat like a pulpit, and on his head something like a wound turban, and in his hand a sickle. This drawing: the action that issues from it is the lengthening of the life of its holder and the preservation of his life.

81And of it: when there is engraved on a ring-stone of yellow amber the image of a wolf, in its hour, the ascendant being Capricorn and he being in Leo at twenty-three degrees, and Mercury in Virgo at two degrees, and Mars in nineteen degrees of Libra, and this drawing is drawn around it [drawing], and it is set in a ring of silver and worn, then the flies [reading uncertain: wolves?] flee from the place of its wearer, and it does not attack him nor anyone else, and does not appear in his place at all, and does not enter a land in which he is, in any way whatever.

82And of his, for driving away locusts: you engrave on a stone of jet the image of a locust, in his hour and his ascendant, he being in 2 degrees of Aries, Mars in 5 degrees of Cancer, and the Moon in 3 degrees of Capricorn; and through these degrees the talisman takes effect. And draw around the locust this figure: [figure], and place under it a hare's skin after it is set; for locusts will not enter at all the place in which the talisman is, whether on its own or with the one who holds it.

83And of his: you engrave on whichever stone you wish of his stones the image of a hare, with Libra as ascendant, Saturn in 13 degrees of Gemini, and the Sun in 5 degrees of Cancer; and draw around it this figure: [figure]. Then set it in a ring and wear it; for the woman with whom its wearer has intercourse does not conceive by him while it is with him.

84Jupiter

85You engrave for him on a bezel of white ruby the image of a man with a crown on his head, and he is upon a throne that has four legs, each leg of it upon the neck of a standing man, and the men have wings; and he has raised his hand, praying. And that is in his hour, while he is in his exaltation.

86The action of this ring for its wearer is that it increases him in rank and standing, and gains wealth, and gathers together what is scattered, and multiplies children and preserves them and increases their number, and settles matters in the way that is best, and completes for its wearer whatever good works he undertakes, and repels the cunning of enemies; and through it the wearer succeeds in his dealings [sense uncertain], and is kept safe through it from the treacherous attack of his enemy.

87And of his: you engrave on a bezel of green ruby the image of a man whose face is the face of a lion and whose feet are the feet of a bird, and under his feet a dragon that has a head, and in his right hand a javelin with which he pierces the head of the dragon. And that is in his hour, and [with] the first face of the house of his exaltation. Its action is that it removes enemies for its wearer and gains him awe and fear among them.

88And of his: you engrave on a stone of crystal the image of a handsome man wearing a cap, riding an eagle. Its action: it makes you beloved to judges and to the holders of the religious laws. And the engraving is in his hour and his exaltation.

89And of his: you engrave on the stone known as 'the easer of childbirth' the image of a vulture, and that is in his hour, the ascendant being the first face of Sagittarius. The wearer of this figure, if he goes out to a place of birds and seeks to take them, they multiply around him and do not leave him; and its holder, too, is accepted and beloved among people.

90And this stone is a stone inclining to redness, in whose hollow is a stone that moves when it is moved; and when it is rubbed, a white water comes out of it. And its occult property is that a woman, if she hangs it upon herself, never conceives.

91And Hermes mentioned that this stone is blessed among stones; and whoever takes it and draws on it the image of a fox, and that on the day of Jupiter and in his hour, with the Moon aspecting him and Jupiter in Pisces — its action is that if a person keeps it with him, jinn and men are afraid of him.

92And of his: if the image of a nightingale is engraved on this stone in the hour of Jupiter while he is in the house of his exaltation, and this stone is washed and someone is given to drink of it, he sees the spiritual spirits and employs them in whatever he wishes. And this too Hermes mentioned, and in it is what it contains of allusion and hint.

93Mars

94For it there is engraved on a magnet stone the image of a man riding on a lion, and in his right hand a drawn sword, and in his left a human head; and that in its hour, while it is in the second face of Aries. It acts in evil and in good with a wondrous action, but its action in evil is greater.

95And for it: whoever engraves on one of the stones of Mars the image of a man standing, with a coat of mail upon him, girt with two swords, the one in his right hand drawn, and in his left hand a human head, in its hour and its house — the wearer of this design, awe and dominance are cast for him in the eyes of everyone who sees him and keeps company with him. And I have seen this very design on a carnelian ring-stone in the possession of one of those who practise this way.

96And for it: when there is engraved on onyx stone the image of a lion, and before it this design [figure], in its hour and the ascendant of its house, then this stone, when one who has flowing blood from whatever limb of his limbs it be holds it, stops it at once and prevents it from flowing. So know that.

97And there are also made for these planets talismans which have wondrous actions, by defined proportions. Among them: for the Sun, in its hour and the first face of Leo, a talisman that removes the malign affections of the soul and calms the pains of the liver and the stomach, and difficult illnesses.

98And for the Moon, in its hour and the first face of Cancer, a talisman for the growth of crops and trees, of all kinds of plants. And for Saturn, in its hour and the third face of Aquarius, a talisman that cures incontinence of urine and stops the haemorrhage of blood in women. And for Jupiter, in its hour, while it is in the second face of Sagittarius and the Sun applying to it, a talisman that cuts off excessive rain from which drowning is feared.

99And for Mars, in its hour, while it is in the first face of Scorpio, a talisman that makes the coward brave, breaks the anger of the ruler, and wards off the harm of thieves, beasts of prey, wolves and every evildoer. And for Venus, in her hour, while she is in the first face of Pisces, a talisman that heals women of [reading uncertain: 'alak] of the wombs, sweetens the malign soul which melancholy has befallen, gladdens the heart, and helps toward abundance in coition. And in the first face of Taurus, a talisman that causes love and performs splendid works.

100And for Mercury, in its hour, while it is in the first face of Gemini, a talisman that sharpens the mind, makes thought excellent, rouses to the pursuit of the sciences, and by it standing among people is brought about, and the like of that.